古盐湖卤水温度对钾盐沉积的控制作用探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵艳军  刘成林  张华  LI ZhaoQi  丁婷  汪明泉 《岩石学报》2015,31(9):2751-2756

古盐湖卤水的温度对钾盐沉积的控制作用的定量研究是钾盐成矿机理分析的重点和难点。本文分析和测试陕北盐盆奥陶系马家沟组、四川盆地三叠系嘉陵江组、云南兰坪-思茅盆地白垩系及老挝沙空那空盆地白垩系等八个含盐系的石盐岩中的流体包裹体,并利用均一温度计算了古盐湖的蒸发速率。若以老挝白垩纪时盐湖的蒸发速率为标准值100,陕北奥陶纪、四川三叠纪、云南白垩纪的蒸发速率标准值分别为54、68和90,而目前在老挝和云南白垩系都找到了一定规模的钾盐矿,因此高温(气温及水温)是盐湖成钾的有利条件,在卤水演化成钾的过程中可以起到重要的"催化"作用。  相似文献   

滇池螺蛳(Margarya melanioides)分布和底泥营养元素调查     

沈兰  范彪  田明  张璐  方福康  陈元晓 《海洋科学》2015,39(11):26-31

研究了滇池螺蛳(Margarya melanioides)分布和底泥营养成分之间的关系。2013年在滇池87个采样点采集螺蛳和底泥样本,图示分析所有采样点的活的螺蛳数量,确定活螺在滇池中的分布位点及分布密度;选择8个采样点的底泥样本,进行16项营养元素(有机质、磷、氮、锌、铁、锰、镁、钙、铜、钠、钾、砷、汞、铅、镉、铬)含量测定,分析这些样本营养元素的差异。根据这8个采样点中有无螺蛳生长,将8个底泥样本分为两组,采用完全随机设计两样本比较的t检验,结果两组样本间仅铜的含量有统计学差异(P0.05),这可能是由于滇池螺蛳的生长有效富集了重金属铜元素,使有螺区域比无螺区域底泥中铜的含量明显减少。这在一定程度上说明了螺蛳生长与底泥的关系,可为滇池污染防治及螺蛳种群保护提供相关的科学依据。  相似文献   

1989~2009年西藏多庆错湖泊面积变化分析研究     

拉巴  拉巴卓玛 《四川气象》2011,(2):56-58

根据1989、2000~2002、2007、2009年TM卫星遥感影像和1989~2009年气象数据分析：近20年来,西藏多庆错湖水面积呈显著的减小趋势,20年内减小了28.4km2;湖泊所在的帕里站年平均气温呈显著的升高趋势,年降水量呈减小趋势。分析湖泊面积变化的原因,降水量减少和气温升高使冰雪加速融化,导致湖泊补给水源不足是湖泊面积萎缩的主要原因。  相似文献   

The role of aridification in constraining the elevation range of Holocene solifluction processes and associated landforms in the periglacial belt of the Sierra Nevada (southern Spain)     

Marc Oliva  Antonio Gómez Ortiz 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(10):1279-1291

Climate variability during the Mid‐Late Holocene has influenced the activity of geomorphic processes in the current periglacial belt of the Sierra Nevada. We studied two types of sedimentary records that reveal a synchronous timing for slope instability in this high semi‐arid massif: solifluction landforms and mountain lake sediments. Lithological and sedimentological properties of both records have recorded numerous cycles of different magnitude of slope processes in the massif. Solifluction deposits record seven phases of solifluction activity and soil development during the last 7 ka bp and lake sediments show evidence of eight periods with increased geomorphic activity in the catchments over the last 6 ka bp . Although present‐day climate conditions do not promote active solifluction processes in the Sierra Nevada, colder and wetter periods during the Holocene triggered solifluction and transported coarse‐grained sediments into the lakes. By contrast, warm phases favoured soil formation and spread an incipient vegetation cover over the headwaters of the highest valleys, diminishing the grain size of the particles reaching the lakes. Lake sediments record an aridification trend in the massif intensifying since 4·2 ka bp that has conditioned solifluction activity to shift gradually to higher elevations. During major cooler phases such as the Little Ice Age active solifluction was recorded back down to 2500 m altitude. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2008年汶川地震相关堆积物的细颗粒石英光释光测年研究          下载免费PDF全文

杨会丽  陈杰  刘进峰  余松 《地震地质》2011,33(2):413-420

现代强震相关堆积物的释光测年研究有助于理解古地震相关沉积物释光测年的地质意义,提高古地震测年的精度和准确度,更好地认识大地震发生的规律.文中选择了若干典型的2008年汶川大地震的相关堰塞湖堆积物、泄洪堆积物和喷砂堆积物,进行了细颗粒石英光释光测年研究.结果表明,这些地震相关沉积物中的细颗粒石英灵敏度较高,但释光信号并未...  相似文献   

Thermodynamic processes of lake ice and landfast ice around Zhongshan Station, Antarctica     

LEI RuiBo  LI ZhiJun  ZHANG ZhanHai  CHENG YanFeng 《极地研究(英文版)》2011,(3):143-152

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湖泊沉积物的矿物组成、成因、环境指示及研究进展   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

金章东 《地球科学与环境学报》2011,33(1):34-44,77

湖泊沉积物是不同地质、气候、水文条件下各类碎屑、黏土、自生/生物成因矿物以及有机物质等的综合体。沉积矿物蕴含着丰富区域和全球环境演变信息,如湖水的化学组成、流域构造、气候、水文以及人类活动的相互作用等。相关信息可以赋存在矿物外部微形貌、内部微结构、化学组成、物理和化学性质、同位素组成、谱学特征、成因以及共生组合等方面。因此,湖泊科学的许多关键课题都离不开矿物学,特别是在利用湖泊沉积物进行区域及过去全球变化研究中,深入的机理研究归根到底都要涉及矿物学,如流域化学风化作用、粒度组成、生物壳体化学组成、测年材料的选择等。然而,由于湖泊沉积物中矿物的多源性、复杂性,如何有效提取和解译其中的环境信息,是一项长期困扰研究者的课题,湖泊沉积矿物学的研究往往被许多研究者所忽视,中国的相关研究也较为薄弱。笔者综述了湖泊沉积物中碎屑、黏土、自生/生物矿物的矿物组合、特征、成因在(古)环境反演中的作用及最新研究进展,提出除了继续加强对湖泊沉积物中矿物来源、成因和古环境示踪的深入研究以外,矿物相间的转变及其对湖水和孔隙水组成的响应、一些非晶质或隐晶质及低丰度矿物相在湖泊化学和动力学中的作用也是很有潜力的研究领域,最后提出了研究中存在的一些问题、面对的挑战以及对研究前景的展望。  相似文献   

Conifer stomata analysis in paleoecological studies on the Loess Plateau: An example from Tianchi Lake, Liupan Mountains     

K. ZhangY. Zhao  X.L. Guo 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(11):1209-1213

The identification of fossil conifer stomata was conducted from a lake sedimentary sequence on the Liupan Mountains, southwestern Loess Plateau, in order to reconstruct detailed forest history and assess the potential of using stomata as a supplement to pollen analysis to determine the local presence of conifers over the last 3200 years. The pollen has already been analyzed in our previous study. Reference conifer stomata were prepared for the fossil stomata identification and demonstrate that the conifer stomata could be identified to at least genus level. Our stomata and pollen results reveal three clear stages of the forest recession during the late Holocene: mixed conifer-deciduous forest, steppe-forest and steppe. Combined stomata and pollen results confirm the local presence of conifer trees (Abies and Pinus) in the vicinity of the Tianchi Lake. Abundant Abies trees existed during 3200-2200 cal yr BP. Then it decreased and finally demised at ca.210 cal yr BP. Pinus trees have been continuously present with very low abundance throughout the late Holocene. Application of comprehensive studies comprising both stomata and pollen analyses allowed a detailed determination of the stages of conifer trees presence in the vicinity of the Tianchi Lake. Our study suggests that the analysis of fossil stomata is a valuable methodological tool for the provision of unambiguous evidence of the past local presence of the coniferous taxa in this region.  相似文献   

MODELLING SURFACE‐AIR‐TEMPERATURE VARIATION OVER COMPLEX TERRAIN AROUND ABISKO,SWEDISH LAPLAND: UNCERTAINTIES OF MEASUREMENTS AND MODELS AT DIFFERENT SCALES     

ZHENLIN YANG  EDWARD HANNA  TERRY V. CALLAGHAN 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2011,93(2):89-112

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山地灾害和人类活动干扰下九寨沟下季节海的沉积变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈盼  唐亚  乔雪  肖维阳  蹇代军 《山地学报》2011,29(5)

九寨沟是我国旅游强度最大的山地旅游地之一,山地灾害是其旅游发展过程中面临的主要挑战.为了探讨山地灾害和人类活动对湖泊生态系统的影响,以下季节海湖泊沉积物为研究对象,利用137Cs和210Pb建立年代标尺,对沉积物粒度进行了分析.137Cs和210Pb定年法确定湖底下38.5 cm处为1952年的沉积物,50 cm处为1848年的;沉积物粒度分析结果显示,剖面内中值粒径平均值偏大,沉积速率和粗颗粒含量在1952年之后呈明显增大趋势.结果表明,沉积物来源主要是泥石流等山地灾害造成的泥砂人湖、旅游开发过程中道路等基础设施建设带来的颗粒物质;湖泊沉积对流域内的山地灾害,如泥石流等有较好的响应;森林采伐和旅游开发在一定程度上促进了湖泊沉积.  相似文献